26 terms in 2H
the end of Absolutism and the French Revolution, 1774–1795
Before the Revolution, France ran on a system called absolutism — the king held total power and society divided into rig
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the end of Absolutism and the French Revolution, 1774–1795
Enlightenment thinkers called philosophes challenged the idea that kings had a God-given right to rule. Their ideas spre
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the end of Absolutism and the French Revolution, 1774–1795
France was nearly bankrupt in the 1770s and 1780s. Three finance ministers — Turgot, Necker, and Calonne — each tried to
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the end of Absolutism and the French Revolution, 1774–1795
Between 1787 and 1789, France's king tried and failed to fix a financial crisis through a series of emergency meetings.
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the end of Absolutism and the French Revolution, 1774–1795
Between May and October 1789, revolution spread across France. Political crisis at Versailles, popular uprisings in Pari
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the end of Absolutism and the French Revolution, 1774–1795
Between 1789 and 1792, France's new National Assembly replaced absolute royal rule with a system of laws. It restructure
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the end of Absolutism and the French Revolution, 1774–1795
As the Revolution reshaped France, different groups pushed back or pushed further. The king tried to flee the country, r
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the end of Absolutism and the French Revolution, 1774–1795
Radical working-class Parisians called sans-culottes helped destroy France's first attempt at constitutional monarchy in
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the end of Absolutism and the French Revolution, 1774–1795
After abolishing the monarchy in September 1792, France became a Republic. Politicians then debated what to do with the
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the end of Absolutism and the French Revolution, 1774–1795
By 1793, France faced war against most of Europe and a violent rebellion at home. These twin crises destroyed the modera
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the end of Absolutism and the French Revolution, 1774–1795
By mid-1793, France faced invasion on multiple borders and rebellion at home. The government responded by drafting the e
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the end of Absolutism and the French Revolution, 1774–1795
During the Terror (1793–94), the revolutionary government executed thousands of people it labelled enemies of France. A
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the end of Absolutism and the French Revolution, 1774–1795
France in the 1770s was governed by absolutism — a system in which the king held supreme, unchecked power — but by 1795
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the rise of Napoleon and his impact on France and Europe, 1795–1815
After the violent Terror ended in 1794, France swung sharply against radical Jacobin rule. Royalists and moderates took
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the rise of Napoleon and his impact on France and Europe, 1795–1815
After the Terror, France set up a new government called the Directory in 1795. Five directors shared executive power, bu
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the rise of Napoleon and his impact on France and Europe, 1795–1815
Napoleon Bonaparte built his reputation through brilliant military campaigns in Italy and Egypt in the late 1790s. His b
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the rise of Napoleon and his impact on France and Europe, 1795–1815
In November 1799, Napoleon used the army to overthrow France's weak ruling government, the Directory. He then set up a n
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the rise of Napoleon and his impact on France and Europe, 1795–1815
Napoleon gradually tightened his grip on France after 1799. He moved from First Consul to Emperor by 1804, rewriting the
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the rise of Napoleon and his impact on France and Europe, 1795–1815
Napoleon reshaped French society through new rules on class, education, religion, and information. He kept some revoluti
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the rise of Napoleon and his impact on France and Europe, 1795–1815
Napoleon rewrote France's laws into a single clear system and placed government officials called prefects in every regio
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the rise of Napoleon and his impact on France and Europe, 1795–1815
Napoleon overhauled France's finances and tried to control European trade. War and his trade blockade against Britain cr
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the rise of Napoleon and his impact on France and Europe, 1795–1815
Napoleon built a vast European empire through military conquest. His armies dominated Europe by 1808 for specific reason
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the rise of Napoleon and his impact on France and Europe, 1795–1815
Napoleon ruled a vast European empire by installing loyal rulers, exporting French laws, and using economic policies to
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the rise of Napoleon and his impact on France and Europe, 1795–1815
Napoleon's Empire faced a series of military and economic crises that steadily drained French power. Each challenge — fr
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the rise of Napoleon and his impact on France and Europe, 1795–1815
Napoleon's empire collapsed twice between 1814 and 1815. Allied powers then reshaped Europe at the Congress of Vienna, l
France in Revolution, 1774–1815
the rise of Napoleon and his impact on France and Europe, 1795–1815
After the violence of the Terror, France struggled to find stable government — first under the Directory (a five-man exe
France in Revolution, 1774–1815