Global governance

Countries and organisations have created shared rules and bodies to manage how the world works together. These rules and

Global systems and global governance

Global governance

Global agencies like the United Nations try to promote economic growth and peace. But their rules and decisions can also

Global systems and global governance

Global governance

Global governance works across multiple scales at once. A decision made by a global body — like the UN — shapes what hap

Global systems and global governance

Global governance

Because the world is deeply interconnected, no single country can manage global challenges alone — so global governance,

Global systems and global governance

Global systems

Countries today rely on each other across four areas: trade and money, political agreements, the movement of people and

Global systems and global governance

Global systems

Money, people, ideas and technology move around the world unevenly. These flows can drive growth and development, but th

Global systems and global governance

Global systems

Some countries hold far more power than others in the global system. They use that power to write the rules of trade, fi

Global systems and global governance

Global systems

The world today is held together by a global system — a network of economic, political, social and environmental connect

Global systems and global governance

Globalisation

Globalisation moves five things around the world: money, workers, goods, services and information. These flows change wh

Global systems and global governance

Globalisation

Several forces have accelerated globalisation. Advances in transport, communications technology, and international trade

Global systems and global governance

Globalisation

Globalisation is the process by which the world's economies, societies and cultures have become increasingly connected t

Global systems and global governance

Globalisation critique

Globalisation connects countries through trade, investment and communication. This connection can raise living standards

Global systems and global governance

Globalisation critique

Globalisation creates serious problems alongside its benefits. These problems include growing gaps between rich and poor

Global systems and global governance

Globalisation critique

Globalisation — the process by which economies, societies and cultures become increasingly interconnected — has brought

Global systems and global governance

International trade and access to markets

Countries buy and sell goods, services, and investments across borders. The total amount of this trade has grown enormou

Global systems and global governance

International trade and access to markets

Different countries trade with each other on very unequal terms. Large, wealthy economies hold far more power in those r

Global systems and global governance

International trade and access to markets

Countries do not get equal access to global markets. Richer, more powerful nations trade on better terms, leaving poorer

Global systems and global governance

International trade and access to markets

Transnational corporations (TNCs) are companies that operate across many countries. They spread their headquarters, fact

Global systems and global governance

International trade and access to markets

Global trade in a single product — such as coffee or smartphones — reveals how countries, companies, and workers share t

Global systems and global governance

International trade and access to markets

Global systems — such as trade agreements and transnational corporations — shape who wins and who loses from internation

Global systems and global governance

International trade and access to markets

Not every country trades on equal terms — powerful economies, transnational corporations (TNCs, meaning companies that o

Global systems and global governance

The global commons – Antarctica

The global commons are areas of the Earth that no single country owns. Every nation has the right to use and benefit fro

Global systems and global governance

The global commons – Antarctica

Antarctica is a vast, frozen continent that no country owns. Its extreme climate and shared status make it uniquely vuln

Global systems and global governance

The global commons – Antarctica

Several human activities and environmental changes now threaten Antarctica. These threats range from rising temperatures

Global systems and global governance

The global commons – Antarctica

Several international agreements and organisations govern Antarctica. You need to judge how well each one actually prote

Global systems and global governance

The global commons – Antarctica

Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) — independent groups that operate outside government — watch for threats to Antarc

Global systems and global governance

The global commons – Antarctica

Global governance — the international rules and agreements that manage shared spaces — produces real effects on people a

Global systems and global governance

The global commons – Antarctica

Antarctica is one of the world's global commons — spaces that lie beyond any single nation's ownership and are considere

Global systems and global governance