Psychopathology

This definition labels behaviour as abnormal when it breaks the unwritten rules a society expects people to follow. Refu

Psychopathology

Psychopathology

Failure to function adequately defines someone as abnormal when they can no longer cope with the demands of everyday lif

Psychopathology

Psychopathology

Statistical infrequency defines a behaviour as abnormal when it is rare in the population. Psychologists use statistics

Psychopathology

Psychopathology

Psychologist Marie Jahoda listed six qualities that mentally healthy people possess. Anyone who lacks several of these q

Psychopathology

Psychopathology

A phobia is an intense, irrational fear of a specific object or situation. Psychologists describe phobias using three ty

Psychopathology

Psychopathology

Depression produces three types of characteristics. Behaviourally, people withdraw and slow down. Emotionally, they feel

Psychopathology

Psychopathology

OCD causes people to experience unwanted, repetitive thoughts and feel compelled to carry out rituals to relieve the anx

Psychopathology

Psychopathology

The two-process model explains how phobias first develop through a frightening experience, then persist because avoiding

Psychopathology

Psychopathology

Systematic desensitisation treats phobias by gradually exposing a person to their fear. The therapist pairs each small s

Psychopathology

Psychopathology

Flooding treats phobias by exposing a person directly to their most feared stimulus all at once. The person stays in tha

Psychopathology

Psychopathology

Aaron Beck argued that depressed people hold three interlocking negative beliefs: about themselves, about the world, and

Psychopathology

Psychopathology

Ellis's ABC model says that irrational beliefs — not bad events themselves — cause depression. A negative event triggers

Psychopathology

Psychopathology

CBT is a talking therapy that treats depression by helping patients identify and challenge the negative, distorted thoug

Psychopathology

Psychopathology

The biological approach argues that OCD runs in families due to inherited genes. It also links OCD to abnormal activity

Psychopathology

Psychopathology

Doctors treat OCD with drugs that correct chemical imbalances in the brain. The most common drugs increase the availabil

Psychopathology