Rist — typifications
Ray Rist's ethnographic study showing teachers use typifications (stereotypes) based on appearance, class, and race to categorise students as 'fast' or 'slow' learners, affecting achievement.
Real World
In Rist's 1970 St Louis kindergarten study, the teacher seated well-dressed, lighter-skinned children at 'Table 1' nearest her desk within eight days, giving them far more attention — a division that persisted into later years.
Exam Focus
Connect Rist to labelling theory and the self-fulfilling prophecy — show how teacher typifications create the very differences they claim to observe.
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