Giddens — structuration
Anthony Giddens' theory that structure and agency are interdependent: structures enable and constrain action, but action reproduces and modifies structures.
Real World
Social media platforms like Instagram are built on existing norms (share your life, seek approval) but users who reject those norms — posting unfiltered content — gradually shift what 'normal' online behaviour looks like, demonstrating Giddens' duality of structure.
Exam Focus
Explain the 'duality of structure' concept explicitly — that structures both enable and constrain — rather than just stating Giddens' name.
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