Kalam Cosmological Argument
A contemporary cosmological argument developed by Islamic philosophers and refined by William Lane Craig, arguing that: (1) whatever begins to exist requires a cause; (2) the universe began to exist; (3) therefore the universe requires a cause, which is God. The argument relies on Big Bang cosmology and the principle of causation to establish theism.
Real World
William Lane Craig used the Kalam argument in his 2009 debate with Christopher Hitchens at Biola University, citing NASA's discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation as scientific evidence that the universe had a definite beginning roughly 13.8 billion years ago.
Exam Focus
Always state all three premises explicitly — examiners award marks for the logical structure, not just the conclusion.
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