Kantian Ethics
Immanuel Kant's deontological ethical theory asserting that morality derives from duties determined by reason, not consequences or inclinations. The categorical imperative—an unconditional, universal moral principle—guides conduct. Kant emphasizes good will, duty, and respect for persons as ends in themselves.
Real World
When whistleblower Edward Snowden leaked NSA surveillance data, he acted from a sense of duty to transparency — a Kantian might argue this reflects acting on principle regardless of personal cost, though critics question whether the maxim could be universalised.
Exam Focus
For 'explain' questions, always link the good will to duty explicitly — examiners penalise responses that conflate Kant with consequences.
How well did you know this?