The philosophical problem that the existence of evil (suffering, pain, moral corruption) is inconsistent with the existence of an omnipotent, omnibenevolent God. Epicurus formulated it classically: if God is willing to prevent evil but cannot, He is not omnipotent; if He can but is unwilling, He is not benevolent; if willing and able, why does evil exist? The logical Problem of Evil argues this inconsistency is strict; the evidential version allows consistency but argues evil provides strong inductive evidence against God.