Salvation: Justification by Faith
Martin Luther's doctrine that salvation comes through faith in Christ alone, not human works. Justification is God's declaration of righteousness based on faith, not moral achievement.
Real World
Martin Luther's 1517 Ninety-Five Theses directly challenged the Catholic sale of indulgences — certificates promising reduced punishment — which he argued contradicted justification by faith alone.
Exam Focus
Cite Luther's Latin phrase 'sola fide' and contrast it with the Catholic Council of Trent's response; this comparison demonstrates evaluative depth examiners reward.
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