ClearConcept — A-Level Revision

Specification Reference

Proportional Representation

Standard

Plain English

A category of electoral systems designed to ensure that each party's share of seats closely matches its share of votes cast.

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Real World

In the 2021 Scottish Parliament election, the SNP won 64 of 129 seats despite taking only 48% of the constituency vote, with the regional list (PR element) giving smaller parties like the Greens fair representation.

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Exam Focus

Distinguish between PR as a principle and specific PR systems (STV, AMS list); vague references to 'proportional' without naming a system lose marks.

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