Volenti non fit injuria
Volenti non fit injuria
Real World
In Smoldon v Whitworth [1997], a rugby referee was sued for negligence after a scrum collapsed and injured a player; volenti failed because a player consents to the ordinary risks of rugby, not to a referee negligently applying rules.
Exam Focus
Volenti requires knowledge, understanding, AND voluntary acceptance of the risk — missing any element means the defence fails; list all three in your answer.
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