Positive obligations
Positive obligations
Real World
In Osman v UK [1998], the European Court of Human Rights held that the UK breached its positive obligation under Article 2 by failing to take reasonable police action to protect a family from a known threat, despite clear warnings of danger.
Exam Focus
Use 'positive obligation' precisely — state the duty requires the state to act, not merely refrain, and link it to a specific Convention article.
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