Religious issues: Laud and Arminianism in England and Scotland; the growth of opposition from Puritans
Archbishop Laud pushed a style of worship that looked dangerously Catholic to many Protestants. His reforms in England and Scotland united Puritans and Scots against Charles I.
Real World
When Laud tried to impose his new Prayer Book on Scotland in 1637, a riot broke out in St Giles' Cathedral, Edinburgh — legend has it a stallholder named Jenny Geddes hurled her stool at the bishop — triggering the Bishops' Wars that forced Charles to recall Parliament and end Personal Rule.
Exam Focus
Explain why Laudian reforms alarmed Protestants specifically — use the word 'Arminian' and link ceremony to fears of Catholic restoration for top-band precision.
Essay Framework
Use PEEL to structure every paragraph. Tap each step for guidance and an example.
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