Charles I's Personal Rule: his chief ministers; methods of government; financial policies and the reaction against them
Between 1629 and 1640, Charles I ruled England without calling Parliament. He raised money through controversial legal manoeuvres and relied on a small circle of trusted ministers to govern.
Real World
Charles I's revival of Ship Money — a medieval tax traditionally levied only on coastal towns during wartime — and its extension to all counties in peacetime was challenged by John Hampden in 1637, much like a modern citizen refusing a government charge and taking it to court to expose its legal basis.
Exam Focus
For 'how far' questions on Personal Rule, weigh financial grievances against religious ones — avoid treating Ship Money as the only significant cause of opposition.
Essay Framework
Use PEEL to structure every paragraph. Tap each step for guidance and an example.
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