Foreign affairs: imperialism; engagement in international affairs; Spain and Philippines; Panama Canal; First World War
Between 1865 and 1920, the USA shifted from avoiding foreign entanglements to building an overseas empire and fighting a world war. Economic strength and strategic ambition drove this dramatic change.
Real World
After the 1898 Spanish-American War, the USA seized Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines — acquiring an overseas empire in just months, mirroring the European imperial powers Americans had once criticised.
Exam Focus
For 'explain' questions on imperialism, always link economic motive (new markets) to specific policy action (e.g. Panama Canal construction).
Essay Framework
Use PEEL to structure every paragraph. Tap each step for guidance and an example.
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