Consolidation and expansion of British Empire in Africa
Between roughly 1890 and 1914, Britain tightened its grip on existing African territories and seized new ones. By 1914, Britain controlled around a third of the entire African continent.
Real World
Cecil Rhodes's British South Africa Company expanded northward into modern Zimbabwe (then Rhodesia) in 1890, occupying the territory through private company force rather than the British Army — illustrating how consolidation and expansion often worked through commercial proxies.
Exam Focus
Use the phrase 'Scramble for Africa' carefully — always explain what drove British expansion specifically, not European competition in general.
Essay Framework
Use PEEL to structure every paragraph. Tap each step for guidance and an example.
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