Characteristic human responses: fatalism, prediction, adjustment/adaptation, mitigation, management, risk sharing
When people face a natural hazard, they respond in six characteristic ways. These range from doing nothing and accepting the risk, to actively predicting, reducing, or sharing it.
Real World
Japan's investment in earthquake early-warning systems and strict building codes illustrates prediction and mitigation combined, while the World Bank's Caribbean Catastrophe Risk Insurance Facility shows risk sharing between small island states.
Exam Focus
Use precise terminology — write 'mitigation' not 'prevention'; marks are awarded for accurate use of the six named response types.
Essay Framework
Use PEEL to structure every paragraph. Tap each step for guidance and an example.
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