Water conflicts at local, national and international scales
Competition for scarce freshwater creates conflicts between users. These disputes range from local arguments over river abstraction to international tensions between countries sharing the same river basin.
Real World
Ethiopia's construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam on the Blue Nile has created an ongoing dispute with Egypt, which depends on the Nile for over 90% of its freshwater and fears the dam will reduce downstream flow during filling.
Exam Focus
When using a case study of conflict, specify the scale and name the parties — vague references to 'countries arguing over rivers' will not access higher marks.
Essay Framework
Use PEEL to structure every paragraph. Tap each step for guidance and an example.
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