Global prevalence of one specified non-communicable disease (e.g. cancer, coronary heart disease, asthma): links to physical and socio-economic environment, management and mitigation strategies
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are long-term illnesses you cannot catch from another person. Where you live and how wealthy you are both shape your risk of developing one.
Real World
The UK's industrial cities — where coal-burning and vehicle emissions create persistent particulate pollution — have significantly higher rates of asthma and CHD than rural areas, illustrating how physical environment intersects with deprivation to drive NCD risk.
Exam Focus
Distinguish physical risk factors (pollution, climate) from socio-economic ones (diet, income, access to healthcare) — examiners reward explicit use of both categories.
Essay Framework
Use PEEL to structure every paragraph. Tap each step for guidance and an example.
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