Must involve research of relevant literature sources and understanding of theoretical/comparative context
Your investigation must use existing published sources — such as books, studies, or reports — to show you understand the geographical theory behind your research question.
Real World
A student investigating urban heat islands referenced Brian Arnfield's peer-reviewed research on canyon geometry and the Environment Agency's urban temperature datasets to contextualise their Birmingham fieldwork.
Exam Focus
Always name specific models or theorists (e.g. Burgess, Hjulström) when contextualising your investigation — vague references to 'geographical theory' score poorly.
Essay Framework
Use PEEL to structure every paragraph. Tap each step for guidance and an example.
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