Economic, social, technological, political and demographic processes associated with urbanisation
Multiple forces drive urbanisation at the same time. Economic pull, population growth, government policy, new technology, and social change all push people toward cities.
Real World
In Shenzhen, China, government policy created Special Economic Zones in 1980, triggering a chain reaction: factory jobs attracted migrants (economic), the population exploded from 30,000 to 17 million (demographic), and telecoms infrastructure enabled a tech economy (technological).
Exam Focus
For 'explain' questions, link each process explicitly to urbanisation using connective language: 'this caused…', 'which resulted in…'.
Essay Framework
Use PEEL to structure every paragraph. Tap each step for guidance and an example.
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