Relationship of energy supply to physical geography: climate, geology and drainage
A country's physical geography shapes which energy sources it can use. Climate, rock type, and river systems all determine whether a place can generate solar, fossil fuel, or hydroelectric power.
Real World
Iceland generates nearly 100% of its electricity from geothermal and hydroelectric power because its location on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and high rainfall create ideal physical conditions — conditions absent in desert nations like Libya, which must instead rely on fossil fuels.
Exam Focus
When asked to 'explain', link each physical factor (climate, geology, drainage) explicitly to a named energy type for full marks.
Essay Framework
Use PEEL to structure every paragraph. Tap each step for guidance and an example.
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