Carbon Cycle
Continuous movement of carbon between atmosphere, biota, soils, and oceans through various biogeochemical processes.
Formula
Atmospheric CO2 change = Emissions − (Ocean uptake + Land uptake)
Real World
The Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii has recorded atmospheric CO2 rising from 315 ppm in 1958 to over 425 ppm in 2024, directly tracking the impact of fossil fuel combustion on the carbon cycle.
Exam Focus
Distinguish stores (oceans, lithosphere) from fluxes (photosynthesis, combustion) — mark schemes reward correct use of both terms.
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