Hypothesis Testing
A statistical procedure for evaluating whether observed data provide evidence for rejecting a null hypothesis based on predetermined significance level.
Formula
p-value < α → reject H₀
Real World
Scientists studying the impact of microplastics on seabird reproduction used hypothesis testing on Laysan albatross chick survival data; a p-value of 0.02 led them to reject the null hypothesis at the 5% significance level.
Exam Focus
Never say a result 'proves' the hypothesis — write 'there is sufficient evidence to reject H₀ at the 5% significance level.'
How well did you know this?