Cradle-to-Cradle Design
A design philosophy where products are designed to be continually cycled through recovery systems as biological or technical nutrients without degradation.
Real World
Nike's "Reuse-A-Shoe" programme grinds old trainers into Nike Grind material for sports surfaces — but true C2C goes further: Puma's InCycle collection used fully biodegradable biological nutrients so shoes could be composted after use.
Exam Focus
Distinguish biological from technical nutrients in 'explain' questions; examiners expect both types named and contrasted.
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