Aquatic Productivity and Fishing
Biological productivity of marine and freshwater ecosystems, sustainable fisheries management, and fishing impacts.
Formula
Net Primary Productivity (NPP) = Gross Primary Productivity − Respiration
Real World
The Grand Banks off Newfoundland were once the most productive fishing grounds on Earth, but overfishing of Atlantic cod through the 1980s led to the 1992 Canadian moratorium after stocks collapsed by 99%.
Exam Focus
Link aquatic productivity to nutrient upwelling zones (e.g. Peru Current) in extended answers — examiners reward named real-world examples.
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