Carbon Footprint
Total greenhouse gas emissions produced by human activities, typically measured in CO2 equivalent units.
Formula
Carbon footprint (CO₂e) = Σ (Activity data × Emission factor)
Real World
Microsoft pledged to become carbon-negative by 2030, using internal carbon fees of $15 per tonne to incentivise its business units to cut Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions across its global operations.
Exam Focus
Distinguish between direct (Scope 1) and indirect (Scope 2 and 3) emissions — many students lose marks by ignoring supply-chain contributions.
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