Spontaneous speech
Unplanned speech produced in real-time without preparation. Spontaneous speech contains features like fillers, false starts, and repairs that planned speech typically avoids.
Real World
In a 2023 BBC Radio 4 interview, Prime Minister Rishi Sunak's unscripted press conference responses contained multiple overlaps, repairs, and hesitations absent from his prepared party conference speech.
Exam Focus
When analysing transcripts, label each feature precisely — 'non-fluency' alone is too vague for AO1 marks.
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