Non-fluency
Disruptions in the smooth flow of speech including fillers, hesitations, false starts, and repairs. Non-fluency features are normal in spontaneous speech.
Real World
The spoken transcripts collected for the British National Corpus show that even educated, professional speakers average several non-fluency features per minute in unscripted conversation.
Exam Focus
Avoid describing non-fluency as 'mistakes' — examiners reward candidates who recognise these as natural speech features.
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