Aspect
A grammatical category indicating how an action or state is viewed: whether it is ongoing (progressive), completed (perfect), or habitual. Aspect is expressed through auxiliary verbs.
Real World
A WhatsApp message saying 'I've been waiting for an hour' (perfect progressive) conveys ongoing frustration with present relevance, unlike 'I waited an hour', which treats it as finished.
Exam Focus
Distinguish aspect from tense in your answer — identify whether the action is ongoing or completed and link it to the speaker's attitude.
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