Focalisation
Genette's term for the perspective from which readers perceive narrative events. Focalisation separates the narrator (who tells) from the focaliser (whose perspective we adopt), allowing analysis of perspective independent of narrative voice.
Real World
In Kazuo Ishiguro's 'The Remains of the Day', the entire novel is internally focalised through Stevens, meaning readers only ever access what he perceives — his blind spots become the story's emotional centre.
Exam Focus
Use Genette's term 'focaliser' precisely — distinguish who tells the story from whose perspective filters events to gain marks for technical sophistication.
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