Bernoulli Trial
A Bernoulli trial is a random experiment with two mutually exclusive outcomes: success (with probability p) and failure (with probability 1-p). The Bernoulli distribution is a special case of the binomial distribution with n=1, giving P(X=1) = p and P(X=0) = 1-p.
Real World
Each time a quality inspector at Cadbury picks a chocolate bar off the production line, it is either defective (success, p = 0.02) or acceptable (failure) — a single Bernoulli trial repeated thousands of times per shift.
Exam Focus
Always define which outcome you label 'success' before calculating; the mark scheme requires a clear statement of p.
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