Destructive Wave
Waves generated by distant storms with short wavelengths and high frequency that cause a net sediment loss from beaches. Destructive waves have stronger backwash than swash, creating steep beach profiles and removing material seaward.
Real World
Holderness Coast in East Yorkshire loses on average 2 metres of cliff per year, driven largely by destructive waves generated by Atlantic storms travelling across the North Sea.
Exam Focus
Don't just describe wave characteristics — explain why stronger backwash than swash leads to beach steepening and material removal for full marks.
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