Baseflow
Baseflow is the component of streamflow provided by groundwater discharge that maintains river flow during periods without precipitation. It forms the foundation of the hydrograph and is crucial for sustaining river ecosystems and water supplies during dry periods.
Real World
The River Thames in southern England relies heavily on baseflow from the chalk aquifer beneath the Chiltern Hills, which keeps the river flowing even during the dry summers of 2022 when surface rainfall was scarce.
Exam Focus
Distinguish baseflow from throughflow and overland flow on a labelled hydrograph — examiners expect precise terminology.
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