68 terms in Paper 3
Paper 3, Coursework, Assignment Writing: Citation and Bibliography
Citation involves crediting sources within essays using footnotes, in-text citations, or endnotes. Bibliography lists al
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Paper 3, Coursework, Assignment Writing: Citation and Bibliography
Editing involves revising content for clarity, logic, and effectiveness. Proofreading involves careful checking for spel
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Paper 3, Coursework, Non-Exam Assessment: Independent Critical Study
Independent critical study involves students directing their own literary investigation: selecting texts, formulating re
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Paper 3, Coursework, Non-Exam Assessment: Independent Critical Study
Coursework is assessed using specified criteria that value informed personal response, analytical skills, understanding
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Paper 3, Figurative Language: Simile
A simile is a figure of speech that makes an explicit comparison between two unlike things using the words 'like', 'as',
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Paper 3, Figurative Language: Simile
Personification is a figure of speech in which non-human things (objects, animals, natural phenomena, abstract concepts)
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Paper 3, Figurative Language: Simile
Synecdoche is a figure of speech in which a part of something stands for the whole (or vice versa). For example, 'hands'
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Paper 3, Figurative Language: Simile
Metonymy is a figure of speech in which a thing or concept is referred to by the name of something closely associated wi
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Paper 3, Figurative Language: Simile
An oxymoron is a figure of speech that combines contradictory or antithetical words, phrases, or ideas in unexpected pro
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Paper 3, Poetic Forms: Sonnet
A sonnet is a highly structured poetic form consisting of 14 lines, typically written in iambic pentameter, with a stric
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Paper 3, Poetic Forms: Sonnet
A ballad is a narrative poetic form, traditionally of folk origin, characterized by regular meter and rhyme, often featu
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Paper 3, Poetic Forms: Sonnet
An elegy is a lyric poem, often of considerable length, that mourns an individual loss (typically a death) or reflects o
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Paper 3, Poetic Forms: Sonnet
An ode is a lyric poem of praise, traditionally formal and elevated in tone, often addressing a specific subject (a pers
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Paper 3, Poetic Forms: Sonnet
A dramatic monologue is a narrative poetic form in which a single speaker addresses one or more silent listeners in a sp
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Paper 3, Poetic Forms: Sonnet
Free verse is a modern poetic form that abandons traditional constraints of metre, rhyme, and regular stanza form. It re
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Paper 3, Poetic Forms: Sonnet
A villanelle is a fixed poetic form consisting of 19 lines arranged in five tercets (three-line stanzas) and one final q
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Paper 3, Poetic Forms: Sonnet
Formal verse (or fixed forms) is poetry that adheres to specific rules governing metre, rhyme scheme, stanza structure,
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Paper 3, Poetry Context: Biographical Context
Biographical context includes relevant details about a poet's life—where they lived, what experiences they had, major ev
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Paper 3, Poetry Context: Biographical Context
Historical and cultural context encompasses the historical period when a poem was written, major events and movements of
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Paper 3, Poetry Movements: Romantic Poetry
Romantic poetry emerged in late 18th-century Europe as a reaction against Enlightenment rationalism, emphasizing emotion
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Paper 3, Poetry Movements: Romantic Poetry
Victorian poetry spans the 62-year reign of Queen Victoria, encompassing diverse voices and approaches unified by formal
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Paper 3, Poetry Movements: Romantic Poetry
Modernist poetry (roughly 1890-1945) broke decisively with 19th-century conventions, embracing fragmentation, imagism, f
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Paper 3, Poetry Movements: Romantic Poetry
Post-modern poetry (roughly 1945-1990s) extends and ironizes modernist techniques, emphasizing linguistic playfulness, t
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Paper 3, Poetry Movements: Romantic Poetry
Contemporary poetry encompasses diverse late 20th and 21st-century movements and voices, including Language poetry's foc
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
Iambic pentameter is a metrical pattern consisting of five iambic feet (each foot being an unstressed syllable followed
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
Rhyme is the repetition of identical or similar sounds at the ends of words. Rhyme scheme refers to the pattern of rhymi
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
Enjambment is a poetic technique in which a grammatical phrase, clause, or sentence continues beyond the end of a line i
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
Metre is the regular recurrence of stressed and unstressed syllables in verse, typically measured in units called feet.
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
Rhythm in poetry is the auditory effect created by the arrangement of syllables, stresses, pauses, and line breaks. It e
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
Rhyme scheme is a systematic notation of end rhymes in poetry, where each new rhyme sound receives a new letter. It prov
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
A caesura is an intentional pause or break within a line, created by punctuation (comma, period, dash), syntax, or a nat
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
A volta is a marked turning point in a poem where the poet shifts perspective, introduces a contradiction, or changes em
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
Stanza form refers to the number and arrangement of lines in grouped units within a poem. Common forms include couplets
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
Literary techniques and devices are the methods and strategies poets use to shape language and create effects. They incl
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
An image is a concrete word picture created through sensory language. Imagery refers to the collection of images in a te
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
A symbol is an object, image, or action that represents something beyond itself, typically an abstract concept, emotion,
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
Tone is the poet's or speaker's attitude toward their subject, expressed through language choices, diction, syntax, and
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
Narrative poetry tells a story—it has characters, events, plot, and often temporal development. Narrative poems might be
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
Lyric poetry emphasizes personal emotion, subjective experience, and meditation rather than narrative events. Lyric poem
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
The heroic couplet is a pair of rhymed lines in iambic pentameter, highly favored in 17th and 18th-century poetry for it
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
Metaphysical poetry uses elaborate figurative language and intellectual argument to explore love, religion, and philosop
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
An extended metaphor (or conceit) pursues a single comparison throughout a poem or section, developing all its implicati
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
Narrative unreliability in poetry occurs when the speaker's perspective distorts truth through emotion, bias, or limited
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Paper 3, Poetry: Iambic Pentameter
Satirical poetry uses wit, irony, and exaggeration to ridicule folly or vice, combining entertainment with social critic
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Paper 3, Section A: Post-2000 Poetry
Post-2000 poetry refers to modern verse composed from 2000 onwards, representing contemporary literary voices and concer
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Paper 3, Section A: Post-2000 Poetry
Unseen poetry comparison is an assessment task requiring students to engage with an unfamiliar modern poem and establish
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Paper 3, Section A: Post-2000 Poetry
Named poet study involves sustained engagement with one contemporary poet's body of work, enabling students to develop d
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Paper 3, Section A: Post-2000 Poetry
Unseen poetry analysis is the ability to engage meaningfully with a previously unknown poem, reading carefully to identi
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Paper 3, Section B: Specified Poetry Text
The specified poetry text is a complete collection or selection of poems chosen by the exam board for intensive study. S
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Paper 3, Section B: Specified Poetry Text
The poetry comparative essay is a timed examination task requiring integrated analysis of two poems from the specified t
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Paper 3, Sound Devices: Consonance
Consonance is the repetition of consonant sounds within or at the ends of words in close proximity, with different vowel
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Paper 3, Sound Devices: Consonance
Sibilance is the prominent repetition of 's' and 'z' sounds (and sometimes 'x' and 'sh' sounds), creating a characterist
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Paper 3, Sound Devices: Consonance
Onomatopoeia is the use of words that phonetically imitate the sounds they denote. Examples include 'buzz', 'hiss', 'spl
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Paper 3, Textual Analysis: Textual Analysis: Structure
Structural analysis of poetry examines how texts are organized at large scale: overall form (sonnet, free verse, etc.),
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Paper 3, Textual Analysis: Textual Analysis: Structure
Analysis of form and content investigates the relationship between a poem's technical features (form, metre, rhyme, stru
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Paper 3, Textual Analysis: Textual Analysis: Structure
Word-level analysis examines particular vocabulary choices, considering denotation (literal definition), connotation (em
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Paper 3, Textual Analysis: Textual Analysis: Structure
Sentence-level analysis examines syntax (the arrangement of words and grammatical structures), considering how sentences
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Paper 3, Textual Analysis: Textual Analysis: Structure
Whole-text analysis considers how language patterns develop across an entire poem—including repetition, progression, var
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Paper 3, Textual Analysis: Textual Analysis: Structure
Close reading is the fundamental skill of carefully reading texts to notice specific details—word choices, imagery, synt
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Poetic Voice and Style
A poet's voice and style encompasses their distinctive use of language, recurring structural choices, characteristic ton
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