Inequality
Unequal distribution of resources, income, opportunity.
Formula
Gini Coefficient: 0 = perfect equality, 1 = perfect inequality
Real World
South Africa has one of the world's highest Gini coefficients, with the wealthiest 10% holding over 70% of national wealth — a legacy of apartheid that continues to limit economic mobility.
Exam Focus
For 'evaluate' questions, consider both causes and consequences of inequality; top-band answers link inequality to business opportunities or CSR obligations.
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