Volume, Velocity, Variety
The three defining characteristics of Big Data: volume (massive amounts), velocity (rapid generation), variety (multiple types). These 3 V's determine Big Data challenges and opportunities.
Real World
Twitter generates 500 million tweets daily (volume), in real time (velocity), containing text, images, videos, and location data (variety) — requiring distributed systems like Hadoop to process.
Exam Focus
Link each V to a specific technical challenge — storage, latency, schema flexibility — not just a definition.
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