Normalisation
Process organizing database design eliminating redundancy and ensuring data integrity through normal forms (1NF, 2NF, 3NF). Normalization prevents anomalies and improves consistency.
Real World
Amazon's early product database stored supplier details in every order row, so when a supplier changed address it had to be updated in millions of rows — normalisation to 3NF eliminated this update anomaly.
Exam Focus
State the specific normal form and the dependency violation it removes; vague answers like 'reduces redundancy' alone score zero.
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