Sequential logic
Digital circuits where outputs depend on current inputs and previous state, incorporating memory through feedback. Sequential logic enables counters, registers, and state machines. Clock signals coordinate state changes.
Real World
Traffic lights at a London junction use sequential logic — the next light shown depends on the current state (e.g. green) and inputs (e.g. pedestrian button pressed), not just the button alone.
Exam Focus
When drawing state diagrams, label every transition with its input condition and output — unlabelled arrows lose marks.
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