Acyl chlorides
Acyl chlorides
Formula
RCOOH + SOCl₂ → RCOCl + SO₂ + HCl
Real World
Pharmaceutical company GSK uses ethanoyl chloride to acetylate amine groups when synthesising active drug ingredients, because the reaction goes to completion rapidly at room temperature — unlike the slower esterification route.
Exam Focus
In mechanism questions, show the curly arrow from the nucleophile's lone pair to the δ+ carbonyl carbon and Cl⁻ as the leaving group.
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