pH and hydrogen ion concentration
pH and hydrogen ion concentration
Formula
pH = −log₁₀[H⁺]
Real World
Swimming pool water is maintained at pH 7.2–7.8 by pool companies like Poolwerx; a drop to pH 6 means [H⁺] is over ten times higher, causing eye irritation and corrosion of metal fittings.
Exam Focus
Remember pH is logarithmic — a one-unit pH change means a tenfold change in [H⁺], a common calculation trap.
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