In more complex organisms, the presence of non-coding DNA and regulatory genes means that knowledge of the genome cannot easily be translated into the proteome
In complex organisms like humans, knowing the full DNA sequence does not tell you all the proteins the organism makes. Non-coding DNA and genes that control other genes make the relationship far more complicated.
Real World
Humans have roughly 20,000 genes yet produce over 100,000 different proteins because alternative splicing of mRNA and post-translational modifications generate multiple protein variants from a single gene.
Exam Focus
Name both complications — non-coding DNA and regulatory genes — and explain why each one prevents a simple genome-to-proteome prediction.
Evaluation Scaffold
A four-step framework for high-quality evaluation. Use this for 'assess', 'evaluate', and 'to what extent' questions.
How well did you know this?