Determining the genome of simpler organisms allows the proteome of the organism to be determined, which may have applications including identification of potential antigens for vaccine production
Sequencing the complete DNA of a simple organism reveals every protein it can make. Scientists can use this protein list to find antigens — molecules that trigger an immune response — and design vaccines against them.
Real World
Scientists sequenced the Neisseria meningitidis genome and identified surface proteins that became the basis of the MenB vaccine (Bexsero), now offered to all UK infants on the NHS.
Exam Focus
Link the chain: genome → proteome → identify surface antigen → vaccine development. Examiners expect all steps stated explicitly.
Evaluation Scaffold
A four-step framework for high-quality evaluation. Use this for 'assess', 'evaluate', and 'to what extent' questions.
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