Waste
Discarded materials, inefficiency, rework, excess capacity.
Real World
Toyota's TPS (Toyota Production System) famously categorises waste into seven types (muda), and production workers are empowered to stop the line the moment defective output is spotted.
Exam Focus
Name specific types of waste (overproduction, defects, waiting) to show depth — vague answers lose marks.
How well did you know this?